Citation :

Kalpit Soni, Abhilash Shukla, Dhatri Raval, Unnati Patel, Atul Patel, "TransExa-Fog: A Fog-Edge-Cloud Architecture for Low-Latency, Secure, and Fault-Tolerant Paperless Examination Systems," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), vol. 74, no. 5, pp. 540-562, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V74I5P134

Abstract

Digital examination systems based on the cloud are typically very performance-limited (latency, network bandwidth, and untrustworthiness in variable network conditions). Slow delivery of questions, incomplete submission of answers, and operational failures in large-scale exams are possible results of using them. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes TransExa-Fog, which is a multi-level fog-cloud inspection structure, and the structure is described as local request processing, secure fog-level caching, biometric authentication, and distributed answers synchronization. It studies the architecture by using queueing-theoretic latency models, which are augmented by the analysis of bandwidth utilization and load distribution at fog-nodes so as to provide a detailed analysis of performance. The proposed dynamic network framework of 500 candidate devices in 5 fog nodes was planned to be practiced and managed to fulfill the case validity of the proposed framework under dynamic network conditions. Experimental results indicate that TransExa-Fog reduces the end-to-end latency by 40-60 percent, cuts the cloud bandwidth usage by up to 45 percent, and offers zero answer loss on start and stop during WAN disruptions in buffering by the fog and batch synchronization. The security is assured on AES-256 encryption and ECC-based key exchange. One can find that TransExa-Fog is superior to cloud-only and hybrid e-examination systems in terms of scalability, resiliency, and offline functionality. Overall, the described system offers a technically reasonable, deployment-acceptable architecture of the next generation, high-reliability digital examinations that can be both localized and used at the national level.

Keywords

AES-ECC Hybrid Encryptions, Edge-Cloud Architectures, Optimization Of Latency And Bandwidth, Paperless Examinations, Secure Distributed Architectures.

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