Citation :

Özkan Yıldız, A.Selçuk Güceğlioğlu, "Green Software Metrics and Tools: A Systematic Literature Review," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), vol. 74, no. 9, pp. 509-521, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V74I9P136

Abstract

The increasing energy consumption of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) sector and the growing carbon emissions demonstrate the importance of sustainable software engineering practices. This study presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) covering the years 2020 to September 2025 to review and analyze research on green software metrics, tools, and validation methods. This study addresses five research questions, focusing on (i) green metrics, (ii) their place within the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), (iii) validation methodologies, (iv) measurement tools and models, and (v) the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The results obtained reveal that energy-focused metrics are widely discussed in the literature. Instruments and empirical experiments represent the most common methodological approaches used for validation. While emerging models demonstrate the place of machine learning in predictive energy forecasting, the use of AI remains limited, and standardized frameworks are lacking.

Keywords

Energy, Green, SLR, Measurement, SDLC, Software.

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