Citation :

V Kumar, V. Krishna, K V Murali Mohan, Rajesh Banala, "SOLAR-Sense+: A Renewable-Powered IoT-Edge Smart Sensing and Adaptive Control Framework for Real-Time Monitoring in Soilless Cultivation Systems," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), vol. 74, no. 5, pp. 514-523, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V74I5P132

Abstract

Sustainable food production requires smart energy-efficient design that will ensure optimum crop growth in a confined environment. This paper presents SOLAR-Sense+, a renewable energy-powered Internet of Things (IoT)-Edge smart sensing and adaptive control framework for soilless cultivation systems for continuous sensing and making real-time decisions in hydroponics and aeroponics. In the proposed architecture, multi-modal environmental sensors and edge sophisticated artificial intelligence models are proposed in combination with a solar-battery microgrid to allow the energy to be autonomous, low-latency, and adaptable. A new algorithm, SOLAR-Sense+, controls the sampling frequency of sensors and actuators' efforts dynamically based on the uncertainty of predictions, energy budget forecast, and solar irradiance forecast, which ensures non-stop operation with limited power consumption. Lightweight edge AI (uTCN-LSTM-KD) and Renewable-Responsive Model Predictive Control (R2-MPC) strategy are also incorporated in this framework for intelligent nutrient and environmental control. Experimental verification demonstrates 38 percent of energy-efficiency gains, 24 percent of the latency decrease, and 21 percent of the degree to which the system forecasts yield compared to conventional IoT systems. The proposed system will help to create a base for scalable and sustainable intelligent autonomous smart farming ecosystems.

Keywords

IoT-based agriculture, Edge Computing, Renewable energy, Smart sensing, Adaptive Control, Hydroponics, Soilless Cropping, SOLAR-Sense+, AI-on-Edge, Sustainable-Agriculture.

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