Citation :

Laith T. Khrais, Ahmad Ali Salih, Ahmed Mahmoud Mohamed Elnokirah, Lama Talal Khrais, "Enhancing Sustainability and Transparency in Food Supply Chains through Blockchain-Based Traceability, Smart Contracts, and Decentralized Data Security in E-Business Environment," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 353-368, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V74I3P124

Abstract

Currently, the pandemic of sustainability concerns is being considered along with the issues related to transparency and efficiency in the global food supply chain. Despite growing research on blockchain in food logistics, few studies integrate traceability, smart contracts, and decentralized security into a single model for enhancing sustainability and transparency. This study bridges that gap. In addition, blockchain technology is a transformational solution that facilitates stakeholders to build trust, operational efficiency, and traceability. From a management perspective, this research also examined the part that blockchain plays in the food supply chain, including its possible effect or impact on sustainability, ethical sourcing, transparency, and efficiency in the food retail chain. This study’s methodology is a quantitative research approach. The method in the study was purposive sampling, while survey questionnaires were used. A total of 280 participants have participated in the study. In this research, key blockchain applications, such as traceability systems, decentralized ledgers, and smart contracts, are examined. Besides, blockchain improved the rate at which the supply chain worked through removing inefficiencies, automating transactions, and enhancing workflow efficiency. It also reinforced trust by proper and clear product traceability and compliance with the regulatory standards and ethical sourcing. The results, however, suggest that blockchain technology holds the ability to undermine the handling of the supply chain, where efficiencies in resource management and sustainable practices, fair trade, and convenient coordination are facilitated. Apart from the above, blockchain technology offers a solid and suitable platform for boosting sustainability in operational efficiencies and streamlining the food supply chain to the farthest point. But the ongoing adoption process continues to shape the future of resilient and transparent food systems.

Keywords

Blockchain, Ethical sourcing, Food supply chain, Supply chain efficiency, Smart contracts, Traceability, Transparency.

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