Advancing Handwritten Signature Verification Through Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Study and High-Precision Approach
Advancing Handwritten Signature Verification Through Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Study and High-Precision Approach |
||
|
||
© 2024 by IJETT Journal | ||
Volume-72 Issue-4 |
||
Year of Publication : 2024 | ||
Author : Abdullahi Ahmed Abdirahma, Abdirahman Osman Hashi, Mohamed Abdirahman Elmi, Octavio Ernest Romo Rodriguez |
||
DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V72I4P109 |
How to Cite?
Abdullahi Ahmed Abdirahma, Abdirahman Osman Hashi, Mohamed Abdirahman Elmi, Octavio Ernest Romo Rodriguez, "Advancing Handwritten Signature Verification Through Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Study and High-Precision Approach," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 81-91, 2024. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V72I4P109
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive study on handwritten signature verification using deep learning techniques. This research aims to address the challenges of offline signature verification, where the task is to distinguish genuine signatures from forgeries automatically. The proposed method utilizes state-of-the-art deep learning models, including MobileNet, ResNet50, Inceptionv3, and VGG19, in combination with YOLOv5, to achieve high-precision classification and reliable forgery detection. The system is evaluated on multiple benchmark datasets, including Kaggle Signature, CEDAR, ICDAR, and Sigcomp, showcasing its effectiveness and robustness across various real-world scenarios. The proposed methodology encompasses data preprocessing techniques to enhance the quality of input handwritten signature images, enabling the model to capture essential features and patterns for accurate classification. The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to existing state-of-the-art
approaches, achieving outstanding accuracy rates (89.8%) in identifying genuine signatures and accurately detecting forgeries. Furthermore, the model's adaptability to varying dataset sizes and configurations further supports its potential for practical deployment in signature verification tasks. This research contributes to the advancement of offline signature verification technology, offering a reliable and efficient solution for ensuring the security and authenticity of handwritten signatures in a variety of applications.
Keywords
Offline signature verification, Deep Learning, Handwrite signature, Signature recognition, YOLOv5.
References
[1] Harmandeep Kaur, and Munish Kumar, “Signature Identification and Verification Techniques: State-of-the-Art Work,” Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, vol. 14, pp. 1027-1045, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[2] Guodong Ye et al., “Image Encryption Scheme Based on Blind Signature and an Improved Lorenz System,” Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 205, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[3] Israa Bashir Mohammed, Bashar Saadoon Mahdi, and Mustafa Salam Kadhm, “Handwritten Signature Identification Based on MobileNets Model and Support Vector Machine Classifier,” Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 2401-2409, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[4] Georgii Valuev et al., “Digital Filter Architecture Based on Modified Winograd Method F (2× 2, 5× 5) and Residue Number System,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 26807-26819, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] Ahmed Maged, and Min Xie, “Uncertainty Utilization in Fault Detection Using Bayesian Deep Learning,” Journal of Manufacturing Systems, vol. 64, pp. 316-329, 2022. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[6] A. Arvapalli Surya Teja et al., “Autism Spectrum Disorder Detection Using MobileNet,” International Journal of Online & Biomedical Engineering, vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 129-142, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[7] Sri Hastuti Fatimah et al., “Personality Features Identification from Handwriting Using Convolutional Neural Networks,” 2019 4th International Conference on Information Technology, Information Systems and Electrical Engineering, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, pp. 119-124, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[8] Poonam Rani, and G. L. Pahuja, “Reliability Analysis of Flight Control System under Perfect and Imperfect Fault Coverage,” 2018 3rd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology, Bangalore, India, pp. 759-763, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[9] Ejaz Ahmed, Michael Jones, and Tim K. Marks, “An Improved Deep Learning Architecture for Person Re-Identification,” 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Boston, MA, USA, pp. 3908-3916, 2015.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[10] Waskitha Wijaya, Herman Tolle, and Fitri Utaminingrum, “Personality Analysis through Handwriting Detection Using Android Based Mobile Device,” Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 114-128, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[11] Fazal Noor et al., “Offline Handwritten Signature Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network Approach,” 2020 International Conference on Computing, Networking, Telecommunications & Engineering Sciences Applications (CoNTESA), Tirana, Albania, pp. 51-57, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[12] Aldonso Becerra et al., “Speech Recognition Using Deep Neural Networks Trained with Non-Uniform Frame-Level Cost Functions,” 2017 IEEE International Autumn Meeting on Power, Electronics and Computing (ROPEC), Ixtapa, Mexico, pp. 1-6, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[13] Arthur C. Costa et al., “Data Augmentation for Detection of Architectural Distortion in Digital Mammography Using Deep Learning Approach,” Arxiv, pp. 1-3, 2018. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[14] K. Martin Sagayam, and D. Jude Hemanth, “A Probabilistic Model for State Sequence Analysis in Hidden Markov Model for Hand Gesture Recognition,” Computational Intelligence, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 59-81, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[15] Andri Ariyanto, Esmeralda C. Djamal, and Ridwan Ilyas, “Personality Identification of Palmprint Using Convolutional Neural Networks,” 2018 International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Informatics, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, pp. 90-95, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[16] K. Martin Sagayam et al., “3D Scenery Learning on Solar System by Using Marker Based Augmented Reality,” 4 th International Conference of the Virtual and Augmented Reality in Education, Dime University of Genoa, pp. 139-143, 2018.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[17] Philippe Pérez de San Roman et al., “Saliency Driven Object Recognition in Egocentric Videos with Deep CNN: Toward Application in Assistance to Neuroprostheses,” Computer Vision and Image Understanding, vol. 164, pp. 82-91, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[18] Alia Karim Abdul Hassan, and Mustafa S. Kadhm, “An Efficient Preprocessing Framework for Arabic Handwriting Recognition System,” Academic Science Journal, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 147-163, 2016.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[19] Alex Krizhevsky, Ilya Sutskever, and Geoffrey E. Hinton, “Imagenet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks,” Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 25, pp. 1-9, 2012.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[20] Shih Yin Ooi et al., “Image-Based Handwritten Signature Verification Using Hybrid Methods of Discrete Radon Transform, Principal Component Analysis and Probabilistic Neural Network,” Applied Soft Computing, vol. 40, pp. 274-282, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[21] Gabe Alvarez, Blue Sheffer, and Morgan Bryant, Offline Signature Verification with Convolutional Neural Networks, Stanford University, pp. 1-8. 2016.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[22] Jânio Canuto et al., “On the Infinite Clipping of Handwritten Signatures,” Pattern Recognition Letters, vol. 79, pp. 38-43, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[23] Luiz G. Hafemann, Robert Sabourin, and Luiz S. Oliveira, “Writer-Independent Feature Learning for Offline Signature Verification Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks,” 2016 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Vancouver, BC, Canada, pp. 2576-2583, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[24] Miguel A. Ferrer, Moises Diaz-Cabrera, and Aythami Morales, “Synthetic Off-Line Signature Image Generation,” 2013 International Conference on Biometrics (ICB), Madrid, Spain, pp. 1-7, 2013.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[25] Hang Zhuang et al., “Natural Language Processing Service Based on Stroke-Level Convolutional Networks for Chinese Text Classification,” 2017 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS), Honolulu, HI, USA, pp. 404-411, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[26] Cristina Nader Vasconcelos, and Bárbara Nader Vasconcelos, “Convolutional Neural Network Committees for Melanoma Classification with Classical and Expert Knowledge Based Image Transforms Data Augmentation,” Arxiv, pp. 1-4, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[27] Parnian Afshar, Arash Mohammadi, and Konstantinos N. Plataniotis, “Brain Tumor Type Classification via Capsule Networks,” 2018 25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Athens, Greece, pp. 3129-3133, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[28] D. Anguita, S. Ridella, and F. Rivieccio, “K-Fold Generalization Capability Assessment for Support Vector Classifiers,” Proceedings 2005 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Montreal, QC, Canada, vol. 2, pp. 855-858, 2005.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[29] Muhammed Mutlu Yapıcı, Adem Tekerek, and Nurettin Topaloğlu, “Performance Comparison of Convolutional Neural Network Models on GPU,” 2019 IEEE 13th International Conference on Application of Information and Communication Technologies (AICT), Baku, Azerbaijan, pp. 1-4, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[30] Edson J. R. Justino et al., “An Off-Line Signature Verification System Using HMM and Graphometric Features,” Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems, France, pp. 211-222, 2000.
[Google Scholar]
[31] George S. Eskander, Robert Sabourin, and Eric Granger, “Hybrid Writer‐Independent-Writer-Dependent Offline Signature Verification System,” IET Biometrics, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 169-181, 2013.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[32] Muhammad Imran Malik et al., “ICDAR 2013 Competitions on Signature Verification and Writer Identification for On-and Offline Skilled Forgeries (SigWiComp 2013),” 2013 12th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, Washington, DC, USA, pp. 1477- 1483, 2013.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[33] S. Adebayo Daramola, and T. Samuel Ibiyemi, “Article:Offline Signature Recognition Using Hidden Markov Model (HMM),” International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 17-22, 2010.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[34] José A. P. Lopes et al., “Offline Handwritten Signature Verification Using Deep Neural Networks,” Energies, vol. 15, no. 20, pp. 1-15, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[35] Marcus Liwicki et al., “Signature Verification Competition for Online and Offline Skilled Forgeries (SigComp2011),” 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, Beijing, China, pp. 1480-1484, 2011.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[36] Sima Shariatmadari, Sima Emadi, and Younes Akbari, “Patch-Based Offline Signature Verification Using One-Class Hierarchical Deep Learning,” International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition, vol. 22, pp. 375-385, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[37] Hurieh Khalajzadeh, Mohammad Mansouri, and Mohammad Teshnehlab, “Persian Signature Verification Using Convolutional Neural Networks,” International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 7-12, 2012.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[38] Yasmine Guerbai, Youcef Chibani, and Nassim Abbas, “One-Class Versus Bi-Class SVM Classifier for Off-Line Signature Verification,” 2012 International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, pp. 206-210, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[39] Taraggy M. Ghanim, and Ayman M. Nabil, “Offline Signature Verification and Forgery Detection Approach,” 2018 13th International Conference on Computer Engineering and Systems (ICCES), Cairo, Egypt, pp. 293-298, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[40] Amruta B. Jagtap et al., “Verification of Genuine and Forged Offline Signatures Using SIAMESE Neural Network (SNN),” Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 79, pp. 35109-35123, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[41] Shalaw Mshir, and Mehmet Kaya, “Signature Recognition Using Machine Learning,” 2020 8th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security (ISDFS), Beirut, Lebanon, pp. 1-4, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[42] Jivesh Poddar, Vinanti Parikh, and Santosh Kumar Bhart, “Offline Signature Recognition and Forgery Detection using Deep Learning,” Procedia Computer Science, vol. 170, pp. 610-617, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]