Model based on Grey Systems to Assess Water Quality from Mines in Operation and Environmental Liabilities

Model based on Grey Systems to Assess Water Quality from Mines in Operation and Environmental Liabilities
  IJETT-book-cover           
  
© 2022 by IJETT Journal
Volume-70 Issue-9
Year of Publication : 2022
Authors : Alexi Delgado, Fiorella Martinez, Jean Villanueva, Aramiz Torres, Laberiano Andrade-Arenas
DOI : 10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V70I9P234

How to Cite?

Alexi Delgado, Fiorella Martinez, Jean Villanueva, Aramiz Torres, Laberiano Andrade-Arenas, "Model based on Grey Systems to Assess Water Quality from Mines in Operation and Environmental Liabilities" International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 70, no. 9, pp. 346-353, 2022. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V70I9P234

Abstract
Currently, water is essential for human activities, as it is an indispensable source for life and human development. However, one of the main problems that today's society presents is the contamination of water bodies, which reduces water quality. In addition, it generates social conflicts because a body of water contaminated with heavy metals or other wastes can cause critical illnesses. The case study focuses on La Libertad, Peru. There are two open pit mines and several mining environmental liabilities; close to these mines is the Moche River. The methodology used in this paper was the grey clustering method that uses the center-point triangular whitenization weight functions, also known as CTWF, which is based on grey systems. The results showed that there is contamination around the monitoring points around the mining companies and environmental liabilities since these monitoring points present subcategory A3, which is, according to Peruvian legislation, a type of water that needs to be purified with advanced treatment. These results could help to inform the state about the risks presented in the water body so that the governmental entity can proceed to carry out actions to monitor and control effluents from mining environmental liabilities present in the area and mining units.

Keywords
Environmental liabilities, Mining operations, Grey systems, Grey clustering, Water quality.

Reference
[1] Y. Landa, "Revenue From the Extractive Industries and Copper Mining in Peru," Problemas Del Desarrollo., vol. 48, no. 189, pp. 141– 168, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.rpd.2017.04.007.
[2] J. A. Villena Chávez, "Water quality and sustainable development," Rev. Peru. Med. Exp. Salud Publica, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 304–308, 2018, doi: 10.17843/rpmesp.2018.352.3719.
[3] SNMPE, “Informe Quincenal de la Sociedad Nacional de Minería Petróleo y Energía (Noviembre 2004),” vol. II, p. 18, 2004.
[4] A. Delgado and I. Romero, "Applying the Grey Systems Theory to Assess Social Impact from an Energy Project," Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE 25th International Conference on Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computing, INTERCON 2018, 8526372.
[5] J. Villanueva, N. Lucana, G. Jesus, G. Trejo, and D. Ayamamani, “Aplicación del método Grey Clustering y la entropía de Shannon como una alternativa para evaluar la calidad del agua en los cuerpos receptores ubicados en el ámbito de la cuenca del río Rímac,” Lima, 2021. Accessed: Nov. 23, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://repositorio.oefa.gob.pe/bitstream/handle/20.500.12788/154/Grupo 5 -final.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
[6] C. Zhu and N. Li, "Study on Grey Clustering Model of Indoor Air Quality Indicators," Procedia Engineering., vol. 205, pp. 2815– 2822, Jan. 2017, doi: 10.1016/J.PROENG.2017.09.895.
[7] Z. Changjun and H. Zhenchun, "Application of grey relation analysis in evaluation of water quality," Proc. - 2009 Int. Conf. Environ. Sci. Inf. Appl. Technol. ESIAT 2009, vol. 1, pp. 255–257, 2009, doi: 10.1109/ESIAT.2009.38.
[8] A. Delgado, P. Montellanos, and J. Llave, "Air quality level assessment in Lima city using the grey clustering method," IEEE ICAACCA 2018 - IEEE International Conference on Automation/23rd Congress of the Chilean Association of Automatic Control: Towards an Industry 4.0 – Proceedings, 8609699, doi: 10.1109/ICA-ACCA.2018.8609699.
[9] A. Delgado, A. Aguirre, E. Palomino, and G. Salazar, "Applying triangular whitenization weight functions to assess water quality of main affluents of Rimac river," Proceedings of the 2017 Electronic Congress, E-CON UNI 2017, 2018-January, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ECON.2017.8247309.
[10] P. Golinska, M. Kosacka, R. Mierzwiak, and K. Werner-Lewandowska, "Grey Decision Making as a tool for the classification of the sustainability level of remanufacturing companies," J. Clean. Prod., vol. 105, pp. 28–40, Oct. 2015, doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2014.11.040.
[11] L. Sifeng and L. Yi, Grey Systems. 2010.
[12] A. Delgado and I. Romero, "Environmental conflict analysis on a hydrocarbon exploration project using the Shannon entropy," Proceedings of the 2017 Electronic Congress, E-CON UNI 2017, 2018-January, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ECON.2017.8247309.
[13] MINEM, “Descripción de los componentes físicos y caracterización ambiental de la cuenca del río Moche,” p. 64, 2010.
[14] M. Cuentas Alvarado, O. Velasquez Viza, A. Arizaca Avalos, and F. Huisa Mamani, “Evaluación de riesgos de pasivos ambientales mineros en la comunidad de Condoraque - Puno,” Rev. Medio Ambient. y Min., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 43–57, 2019.
[15] ANA, “Resultados del monitoreo 2020 de la calidad del agua superficial en la cuenca del río Moche .,” 2018.
[16] MINAM, “Aprueban Estandares de Calidad Ambiental (ECA) para Agua y establecen disposiciones complementarias,” El Peru., pp. 6– 9, 2017.
[17] MINEM, “Ecología de la cuenca del Río Moche,” pp. 1–4, 2010.
[18] A. M. Guerrero Padilla, E. Rodríguez Rodríguez, S. Leiva González, and L. Pollack Velásquez, “Zonas de vida en el proceso de la Zonificación Ecológica Económica (ZEE) de la provincia de Trujillo, región La Libertad, Perú,” Arnaldoa, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 761–792, 2019, doi: 10.22497/arnaldoa.262.26217.
[19] Y. Liu and R. S. Zhang, "A three-way grey incidence clustering approach with changing decision objects," Comput. Ind. Eng., vol. 137, no. August, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2019.106087.